Authors - Quan Nguyen, Chau Vo, Phung Nguyen Abstract - In order to create reliable connectivity where there is no direct line-of-sight (LOS) path between ground terminals, this study provides the design and performance evaluation of a dual-hop Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) assisted free space optical communication system. The proposed ground–UAV–UAV–ground architecture enables non-LOS communication by employing aerial relays to bypass physical obstructions and extend transmission coverage. Three modulation formats—Non-Return to Zero (NRZ), Return to Zero (RZ), and Carrier-Suppressed Return to Zero (CSRZ)—under various weather conditions and turbulence regimes are used to assess the system performance. While all modulation schemes perform closely for different attenuation level, differences in performance is prominent under turbulence, CSRZ demonstrates superior robustness, followed by NRZ and RZ.
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