Authors - Naga Sujitha Vummaneni, Srilakshmi Bharadwaj, Himani Varshney Abstract - The global healthcare landscape is currently undergoing a radical transformation, driven by the dual catalysts of the post-pandemic necessity for remote care and the rapid proliferation of digital infrastructure in developing economies. This research paper presents a comprehensive study on the design, development, and strategic positioning of a desktop-based "Healthcare Management System with Telemedicine." Developed using the Java ecosystem—specifically Java Swing for the graphical user interface (GUI) and Java Database Connectivity (JDBC) for persistence—the system integrates third-party WebRTC services via Jitsi Meet to facilitate real-time virtual consultations. Unlike purely administrative Hospital Management Systems (HMS), this solution integrates clinical workflows with administrative tasks, offering a unified platform for patient authentication, appointment scheduling, and remote video consultation. This report goes beyond technical implementation to provide an exhaustive analysis of the Indian digital health market, projected to reach USD 106.97 billion by 2033. It critically evaluates market leaders such as Practo, Zocdoc, and Teladoc to identify structural gaps in service delivery, particularly regarding cost-barriers and infrastructure dependency in Tier-2 and Tier-3 cities. By adopting the Prototyping Model of software engineering, the research iteratively addresses requirements for security, usability, and legacy hardware compatibility. The findings suggest that while cloud-native SaaS models dominate the current market, lightweight Java-based desktop solutions offer distinct advantages in data sovereignty, offline capability, and operational stability for resource-constrained healthcare settings. The paper concludes with a roadmap for integrating Artificial Intelligence (AI) for predictive diagnostics and expanding into mobile ecosystems, positioning the developed system as a viable component of the emerging Global Initiative on Digital Health (GIDH).